[IMP] accounting: add rewritten doc about Fiscal Positions

- redirection
  accounting/fiscality/taxes/application.rst accounting/fiscality/taxes/fiscal_positions.rst

accounting/fiscality/taxes/fiscal_positions.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+==========================================
+Fiscal Positions (tax and account mapping)
+==========================================
+
+Default taxes and accounts are set on products and customers to create new transactions on the fly.
+However, you might have to use different taxes and record the transactions on different accounts,
+according to your customers' and providers' localizations and business types.
+
+**Fiscal Positions** allow you to create *sets of rules* to automatically adapt the taxes and the
+accounts used for a transaction.
+
+.. image:: media/fiscal-positions-intra-community.png
+   :align: center
+   :alt: Example: Belgian to Intra-Community tax mapping with Fiscal Positions in Odoo Accounting
+
+They can be applied in various ways:
+
+- :ref:`automatically applied, based on some rules <fiscal_positions/automatic>`
+- :ref:`manually applied on a transaction <fiscal_positions/partner>`
+- :ref:`assigned to a partner, on its contact form <fiscal_positions/transaction>`
+
+.. note::
+   A few Fiscal Positions are already preconfigured on your database, as part of your :doc:`Fiscal
+   Localization Package <../../fiscal_localizations/overview/fiscal_localization_packages>`.
+
+Configuration
+=============
+
+Tax and Account Mapping
+-----------------------
+
+To edit or create a Fiscal Position, go to :menuselection:`Accounting --> Configuration --> Fiscal
+Positions`, and open the entry you want to modify or click on *Create*.
+
+The mapping of taxes and accounts is based on the default taxes and accounts defined in the
+products' forms.
+
+- To map to another tax or account, fill out the right column (**Tax to Apply**/**Account to Use
+  Instead**).
+- To remove a tax, rather than replacing it with another, leave the field **Tax to Apply** empty.
+- To replace a tax with multiple other taxes, add multiple lines with the same **Tax on Product**.
+
+.. note::
+   The mapping only works with *active* taxes. Therefore, make sure they are active by going to
+   :menuselection:`Accounting --> Configuration --> Taxes`.
+
+.. _fiscal_positions/automatic:
+
+Automatic application
+---------------------
+
+You can configure your Fiscal Positions to be applied automatically, following a set of conditions.
+
+To do so, open the Fiscal Position you want to modify and click on **Detect Automatically**. You can
+configure a few conditions:
+
+- **VAT Required**: The VAT number *must* be indicated in the customer's contact form.
+- **Country Group** / **Country**: The Fiscal Position is applied to these countries.
+
+.. image:: media/fiscal-positions-automatic.png
+   :align: center
+   :alt: Example of settings to apply a Fiscal Position automatically
+
+.. note::
+   Taxes on **eCommerce orders** are automatically updated once the visitor has logged in or filled
+   out their billing details.
+
+.. important::
+   The Fiscal Positions' **sequence** - the order in which they are arranged - defines which
+   Fiscal Position to apply if the conditions are met in multiple Fiscal Positions.
+
+   For example, if the first Fiscal Position targets *country A*, and the second Fiscal Position
+   targets a *Country Group* that also comprises *country A*, only the first Fiscal Position will be
+   applied to customers from *country A*.
+
+.. _fiscal_positions/application:
+
+Application
+===========
+
+.. _fiscal_positions/partner:
+
+Assign a Fiscal Position to a partner
+--------------------------------------
+
+You can manually define which Fiscal Position must be used by default for a specific partner.
+
+To do so, open the partner's contact form, go to the **Sales & Purchase** tab, edit the **Fiscal
+Position** field, and click on *Save*.
+
+.. image:: media/fiscal-positions-partner.png
+   :align: center
+   :alt: Selection of a Fiscal Position on a Sales Order / Invoice / Bill in Odoo Accounting
+
+.. _fiscal_positions/transaction:
+
+Choose Fiscal Positions manually on Sales Orders, Invoices, and Bills
+---------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+To manually select which Fiscal Position to use for a new Sales Order, Invoice, or Bill, go to the
+**Other Info** tab and select the right **Fiscal Position** *before* adding product lines.
+
+.. image:: media/fiscal-positions-transaction.png
+   :align: center
+   :alt: Selection of a Fiscal Position on a Sales Order / Invoice / Bill in Odoo Accounting
+
+.. seealso::
+
+  * :doc:`create`
+  * :doc:`taxcloud`
+  * :doc:`B2B_B2C`